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A creed (also ''confession'', ''symbol'', or ''statement of faith'') is a statement of the shared beliefs of a religious community in the form of a fixed formula summarizing core tenets. One of the most widely used creeds in Christianity is the Nicene Creed, first formulated in AD 325 at the First Council of Nicaea. It was based on Christian understanding of the Canonical Gospels, the letters of the New Testament and to a lesser extent the Old Testament. Affirmation of this creed, which describes the Trinity, is generally taken as a fundamental test of orthodoxy for most Christian denominations.〔(Johnson, Phillip R. "The Nicene Creed." ) Accessed 17 May 2009〕 The Apostles' Creed is also broadly accepted. Some Christian denominations and other groups have rejected the authority of those creeds. Muslims declare the ''shahada'', or testimony: "I bear witness that there is no god but (the One) God ''(Allah)'', and I bear witness that Muhammad is God's messenger."〔("Proclaiming the Shahada is the First Step Into Islam." ) Islamic Learning Materials. Accessed: 17 May 2009. See also ("The Shahada, or Shahāda / kalimatu-sh-shahādah / kelime-i şehadet." ) A. Ismail Mohr. Accessed: 28 May 2012 〕 Whether Judaism is creedal has been a point of some controversy. Although some say Judaism is noncreedal in nature, others say it recognizes a single creed, the ''Shema Yisrael'', which begins: "Hear, O Israel: the our God, the is one." ==Terminology== The word ''creed'' is particularly used for a concise statement which is recited as part of liturgy. The term is anglicized from Latin ''credo'' "I believe", the incipit of the Latin texts of the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed. A creed is sometimes referred to as a ''symbol'' in a specialized meaning of that word (which was first introduced to Late Middle English in this sense), after Latin ''symbolum'' "creed" (as in ''Symbolum Apostolorum'' = "Apostles' Creed"), after Greek ''symbolon'' "token, watchword"〔Justo L. Gonzalez, ''The Story of Christianity'', 2nd ed., Vol. 1, p. 77.〕 Some longer statements of faith in the Protestant tradition are instead called "confessions of faith", or simply "confession" (as in e.g. Helvetic Confession). Within Evangelicalism, the terms "doctrinal statement" or "doctrinal basis" tend to be preferred. Doctrinal statements may include positions on lectionary and translations of the Bible, particularly in fundamentalist churches of the King James Only movement. The term ''creed'' is sometimes extended to comparable concepts in non-Christian theologies; thus the Islamic concept of ''ʿaqīdah'' (literally "bond, tie") is often rendered as "creed". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Creed」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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